Structural Conflict Exists Even When Benefits Paid Out of a Trust

The Plan terminated benefits because it determined that the employee was not totally disabled from any occupation.

After appealing their decision and exhausting all administrative remedies, the employee sued in federal court. In light of the recent Supreme Court holding in Glenn, the court vacated the grant of summary judgment and remanded back to the district court to allow the discovery of documents outside the administrative record in order to properly evaluate the structural conflict of interest. The court came to this conclusion even though the employer had no direct financial incentive to deny claims because benefits were paid out of a trust.

However, the court disagreed with the holdings in Post v. Hartford (3d Circuit) and Gilley v Monsanto (11th Circuit). Instead, the court reasoned that since the employer would ultimately need to contribute to the trust in order for it to maintain its solvency, it had an incentive to keep claims as low as possible. Therefore, a structural conflict of interest existed.